Bronchial asthma, illness of children and adult

The bronchial asthma is the most frequent chronic illness in children and very important also in the adults.  It is calculated that between 3% and 5% of the population suffers it, although in children the frequency arrives al 11%.  This leaves to see that many of the patients affected in the infancy to stop suffering the illness after the adolescence.

The costs that generates the illness are vast, represented in expenses of the processing (medicines, hospitalizations, etc) and workdays lost, so much by the patients as by the parents of the children affected.

Without any doubt, the management that the doctor indicate for each patient particularly should be followed al foot of the letter so that the situation can be handled satisfactorily.  Nevertheless, it is not the doctor the only person in whom the responsibility falls that the sick one of asthma can carry a normal life.  In this cause is necessary to compromise parents of family, patient, professors and everyone who live together with the affected.

One after another, scientific studies have verified that the people with greater degree of knowledge of the illness enjoy a quality of a lot greater life that those that do not know the nature of their affection and therefore the reason to be of their processing.  For all this, is necessary that the asthmatic patient and its family know in detail the fundamental aspects of this company.

What is the asthma?  The asthma is a chronic respiratory illness, that its name of the Greek one drifts asthma (difficult respiration).  It is characterized for episodes, of various intensity, duration and frequency, in which the person affected presents difficulty to breathe, accompanied by sounds of high tone, similar to a whistle and that the doctors call “sibilancias”.  These episodes, or attack, they are unchained for an allergic reaction of the respiratory ways that does that diverse agents produce an inflammation in the bronchial tubes, complicating the step of air al lung.

What is an allergy?  An allergy is an inappropriate reaction to the exposition to substances that normally should not produce a harmful effect.  For example, an allergic person al hair of the animals, can present reactions as sneezes, nose covered, bud in the skin or asthma attacks when be in contact with a dog.  Who is not allergic, can caress, to play and even to live together with the animal without this unchain any reaction.

Why the allergies occur?  A genetic predisposition exists to suffer allergies.  The doctors call this condition as “atopia”.  The to be atópico implies that is itself in allergic risk to present reactions, including the bronchial asthma, when has contact with certain environmental factors.  In the case of the asthma, can be told that the atopia is a “factor of risk” to develop the illness.

Then means that the asthma is hereditary?  Not necessarily.  So that an allergy develop, does not suffice with the predisposition to suffer it, but is also indispensable that the person affected be exposed to the substances that unchain it and that medicamente they are known like alergénos.  Of the same form, cases of asthma in subjects can appear that not tien

What is a factor of risk?  They are the conditions that can contribute to that occur a determined event.

In the case of the asthma different risk factors types exist according to if do more prone to the person to suffer the attacks or if directly are the causes that themselves of start to one of these episodes (board 1).

Why age appears the asthma?  The majority of people that suffer bronchial asthma they begin to suffer the illness since the infancy.  Without still it be known with clarity the why, almost the half of these patients no longer they suffer it al to arrive at the adult age and 25% percent of the remainders they present very light symptoms.  When the suffering is detected in an adult one must consider two possibilities: that have had the illness since the infancy but this have not been diagnosed, or that be a matter of a reaction to some element al that be exposed in the work (irritating, chemical substances, gases or particles that float in the air).  This last situation is known like employment asthma.

A person by an asthma attack can die?

He figures 1.  Decrease of the flow of air through the bronchial tubes after the caliber of the same al is diminished to be inflamed the air mail during a crisis of asthma.  To) normal lung B) Lung during crisis of asthma.

Yes, although is very rare that this happen.  Nevertheless, it is an illness that causes serious damages al to interfere with the normal life of a person.  A sick one of asthma can be discriminated, remote and impeded to participate in some activities if does not be a matter of adequate way or if the people around him do not understand the nature of their problem.

¿How begins an asthma attack?  When an asthmatic one is exposed to the presence of an allergen, unchains itself in the in the respiratory ways, specifically in the bronchial tubes, an inflammation that diminishes the caliber of the same (figure 1).  Of that way the step of air is blocked al lung (above all the exit) and this produces also the sibilancias, as well as happens when blows itself for the peak of a bottle.